Mastering Linux System Monitoring and Performance Tuning

When we talk about the stability and efficiency of a Linux system, system monitoring and performance tuning are essential topics. These two aspects are closely related and are key to ensuring that a Linux system can run smoothly even under high loads. This article will delve into Linux system monitoring tools, key monitoring metrics, and performance tuning methods, combined with practical examples to help you master Linux systems effortlessly.

I. Linux System Monitoring Tools

In Linux systems, there are many powerful command-line tools to help us monitor various system metrics in real-time. Here are a few commonly used monitoring tools and their usage examples:

1. top and htop Commands

• Using the top command, you can see a real-time updated list of processes, sorted by CPU, memory usage, etc. For example, to see which process is consuming the most CPU resources, simply type top in the command line and press "P" (uppercase) to sort by CPU usage.
• htop is an enhanced version of top, providing a colorful interface and more interactive features. You can use the up and down arrow keys to select processes, and press F6 to toggle sorting methods.

1. iostat Command:

• Suppose you want to view disk read/write activity every 2 seconds, you can use the iostat -d -x 2 command. This will display detailed information including transfer rates, I/O request counts…